Emerging Ecosystems
UNESCO/MAB-SCOPE Project

Contacts: Ian Douglas (UK), Richard Hobbs (Australia), Salvatore Arico (UNESCO-France)

New combinations of species and altered ecosystem processes arise through human action, environmental change, and the impacts of the deliberate and inadvertent introduction of species from other parts of the world. UNESCO/MAB- and SCOPE initiated discussions of a novel ecological theory of “Emerging Ecosystems”, i.e. ecosystems presenting novel ecological properties that result from global change and heavy human modification of existing ecosystems.

A first workshop was convened in 2002 (Granada, Spain) to explore the Emerging Ecosystems (EE) concept, provide examples of such systems, and discuss the implications of embracing this idea in terms of ecological theory and directions for future research. The workshop defined an emerging ecosystem as “an ecosystem whose species composition and relative abundance have not previously occurred at a particular locality within a given biome". The following key characteristics were observed:

  1. Novelty: new species combinations, with the potential for changes in ecosystem functioning.
  2. Human agency: emerging ecosystems are the result of deliberate or inadvertent human action.

A second UNESCO/MAB-SCOPE workshop in May 2003 (Brasilia, Brazil) dealt specifically with how socio-economic systems interrelate with emerging ecosystems.

“Novel ecosystems: theoretical and management aspects of the new ecological world order”, synthesising the results of this exploratory project, has been published in Global Ecology and Biogeography. This link is an electronic version of an article published in Global Ecology and Biogeography: complete citation information for the final version of the paper, as published in the print edition of Global Ecology and Biogeography, is available on the Blackwell Synergy online delivery service, accessible via the journal's website at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/GEB or http://www.blackwell-synergy.com. This PDF file may not be offered for commercial sale or for any systematic external distribution by a third party (e.g. a listserve or database connected to a public access server).

SCOPE and UNESCO-MAB are currently considering how best to build on the results of the workshops and identify policy and management implications for the use of policy-makers and practitioners.

Last updated 25 January 2006